Human Gene Set: RUAN_RESPONSE_TO_TROGLITAZONE_UP

For the Mouse gene set with the same name, see RUAN_RESPONSE_TO_TROGLITAZONE_UP

Standard name RUAN_RESPONSE_TO_TROGLITAZONE_UP
Systematic name M1504
Brief description Adipocyte abundant genes up-regulated in 3T3-L1 cells (fibroblasts induced to differentiate to adipocytes) in response to troglitazone [PubChem=5591].
Full description or abstract Troglitazone (TGZ), a member of the thiazolidinedione class of anti-diabetic compounds and a peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist, restores systemic insulin sensitivity and improves the full insulin resistance syndrome in vivo. The mechanisms underlying its in vivo function are not understood. Here we investigated the potential functional interaction between PPAR-gamma and NF-kappaB in adipocytes. We show that TGZ selectively blocked tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced and NF-kappaB-dependent repression of multiple adipocyte-specific genes and induction of growth phase and other genes. This occurs without interfering with NF-kappaB expression, activation, nuclear translocation, or DNA binding and without suppressing NF-kappaB-dependent survival signals. Notably, the expressions of some tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced genes in adipocytes were unaffected by PPAR-gamma activation. In reporter gene assays in HeLa cells, ectopic expression of PPAR-gamma abolished induction of a NF-kappaB-responsive reporter gene by the p65 subunit (RelA) of NF-kappaB, and the inhibition was further enhanced in the presence of TGZ. Conversely, overexpression of p65 inhibited induction of a PPAR-gamma-responsive reporter gene by activated PPAR-gamma in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect was independent of the presence of NF-kappaB-binding sites in the promoter region. Other NF-kappaB family members, p50 and c-Rel as well as the S276A mutant of p65, blocked PPAR-gamma-mediated gene transcription less effectively. Thus, p65 antagonizes the transcriptional regulatory activity of PPAR-gamma in adipocytes, and PPAR-gamma activation can at least partially override the inhibitory effects of p65 on the expression of key adipocyte genes. Our data suggest that inhibition of NF-kappaB activity is a mechanism by which PPAR-gamma agonists improve insulin sensitivity in vivo and that adipocyte NF-kappaB is a potential therapeutic target for obesity-linked type 2 diabetes.
Collection C2: Curated
      CGP: Chemical and Genetic Perturbations
Source publication Pubmed 12732648   Authors: Ruan H,Pownall HJ,Lodish HF
Exact source Table 1: Fold-TGZ >= 1.1
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(show 2 gene sets from the same authors)
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Source species Mus musculus
Contributed by John Newman (University of Washington)
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identifier namespace		 MOUSE_SEQ_ACCESSION
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Version history 3.1: First introduced

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