Human Gene Set: RAMASWAMY_METASTASIS_UP


Standard name RAMASWAMY_METASTASIS_UP
Systematic name M6698
Brief description Up-regulated genes in metastatic vs primary solid tumors.
Full description or abstract Metastasis is the principal event leading to death in individuals with cancer, yet its molecular basis is poorly understood. To explore the molecular differences between human primary tumors and metastases, we compared the gene-expression profiles of adenocarcinoma metastases of multiple tumor types to unmatched primary adenocarcinomas. We found a gene-expression signature that distinguished primary from metastatic adenocarcinomas. More notably, we found that a subset of primary tumors resembled metastatic tumors with respect to this gene-expression signature. We confirmed this finding by applying the expression signature to data on 279 primary solid tumors of diverse types. We found that solid tumors carrying the gene-expression signature were most likely to be associated with metastasis and poor clinical outcome (P < 0.03). These results suggest that the metastatic potential of human tumors is encoded in the bulk of a primary tumor, thus challenging the notion that metastases arise from rare cells within a primary tumor that have the ability to metastasize.
Collection C2: Curated
      CGP: Chemical and Genetic Perturbations
Source publication Pubmed 12469122   Authors: Ramaswamy S,Ross KN,Lander ES,Golub TR
Exact source Suppl. File F: Original distinction=M
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Source species Homo sapiens
Contributed by John Newman (University of Washington)
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identifier namespace		 AFFY_HG_U95
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Version history 3.0: Renamed from METASTASIS_ADENOCARC_UP

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