Human Gene Set: GSE7348_UNSTIM_VS_TOLERIZED_AND_LPS_STIM_MACROPHAGE_DN


Standard name GSE7348_UNSTIM_VS_TOLERIZED_AND_LPS_STIM_MACROPHAGE_DN
Systematic name M6848
Brief description Genes down-regulated in macrophages: naïve untreated versus tolerant stimulated by LPS.
Full description or abstract The inflammatory response initiated by microbial products signaling through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) of the innate immune system is essential for host defense against infection. Because inflammation can be harmful to host tissues, the innate response is highly regulated. Negative regulation of TLR4, the receptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), results in LPS tolerance, defined as hyporesponsiveness to repeated stimulation with LPS. LPS tolerance is thought to protect the host from excessive inflammation by turning off TLR4 signal, which then shuts down TLR-induced genes. However, TLR signaling induces hundreds of genes with very different functions. We reasoned that genes with different functions should have different requirements for regulation. Specifically, genes encoding proinflammatory mediators should be transiently inactivated to limit tissue damage, while genes encoding antimicrobial effectors, which directly target pathogens, should remain inducible in tolerant cells to protect the host from infection. Using an in vitro system of LPS tolerance in macrophages, here we show that TLR-induced genes may indeed be divided into two distinct categories based on their functions and regulatory requirements. Further, we show these distinct groups are regulated by gene-specific, and not signal-specific mechanisms.
Collection C7: Immunologic Signature
      IMMUNESIGDB: ImmuneSigDB
Source publication Pubmed 17538624   Authors: Foster SL,Hargreaves DC,Medzhitov R
Exact source GSE7348_3132_200_DN
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Source species Mus musculus
Contributed by Jernej Godec (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)
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Version history 7.3: Moved to ImmuneSigDB sub-collection.

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