Human Gene Set: GSE22589_SIV_VS_HIV_AND_SIV_INFECTED_DC_DN


Standard name GSE22589_SIV_VS_HIV_AND_SIV_INFECTED_DC_DN
Systematic name M7799
Brief description Genes down-regulated in monocyte-derived dendritic cells infected by: SIV versus HIV and SIV.
Full description or abstract Dendritic cells (DC) serve a key function in host defense, linking innate detection of microbes to the activation of pathogen-specific adaptive immune responses. Whether there is cell-intrinsic recognition of HIV-1 by host innate pattern-recognition receptors and subsequent coupling to antiviral T cell responses is not yet known. DC are largely resistant to infection with HIV-1, but facilitate infection of co-cultured T-helper cells through a process of trans-enhancement. We show here that, when DC resistance to infection is circumvented, HIV-1 induces DC maturation, an antiviral type I interferon response and activation of T cells. This innate response is dependent on the interaction of newly-synthesized HIV-1 capsid (CA) with cellular cyclophilin A (CypA) and the subsequent activation of the transcription factor IRF3. Because the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase CypA also interacts with CA to promote HIV-1 infectivity, our results suggest that CA conformation has evolved under opposing selective pressures for infectivity versus furtiveness. Thus, a cell intrinsic sensor for HIV-1 exists in DC and mediates an antiviral immune response, but it is not typically engaged due to absence of DC infection. The virulence of HIV-1 may be related to evasion of this response, whose manipulation may be necessary to generate an effective HIV-1 vaccine.
Collection C7: Immunologic Signature
      IMMUNESIGDB: ImmuneSigDB
Source publication Pubmed 20829794   Authors: Manel N,Hogstad B,Wang Y,Levy DE,Unutmaz D,Littman DR
Exact source GSE22589_3654_200_DN
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Source species Homo sapiens
Contributed by Jernej Godec (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)
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Version history 7.3: Moved to ImmuneSigDB sub-collection.

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