Human Gene Set: CHANDRAN_METASTASIS_UP


Standard name CHANDRAN_METASTASIS_UP
Systematic name M16036
Brief description Genes up-regulated in metastatic tumors from the whole panel of patients with prostate cancer.
Full description or abstract BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer is characterized by heterogeneity in the clinical course that often does not correlate with morphologic features of the tumor. Metastasis reflects the most adverse outcome of prostate cancer, and to date there are no reliable morphologic features or serum biomarkers that can reliably predict which patients are at higher risk of developing metastatic disease. Understanding the differences in the biology of metastatic and organ confined primary tumors is essential for developing new prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. METHODS: Using Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays, we analyzed gene expression profiles of 24 androgen-ablation resistant metastatic samples obtained from 4 patients and a previously published dataset of 64 primary prostate tumor samples. Differential gene expression was analyzed after removing potentially uninformative stromal genes, addressing the differences in cellular content between primary and metastatic tumors. RESULTS: The metastatic samples are highly heterogenous in expression; however, differential expression analysis shows that 415 genes are upregulated and 364 genes are downregulated at least 2 fold in every patient with metastasis. The expression profile of metastatic samples reveals changes in expression of a unique set of genes representing both the androgen ablation related pathways and other metastasis related gene networks such as cell adhesion, bone remodelling and cell cycle. The differentially expressed genes include metabolic enzymes, transcription factors such as Forkhead Box M1 (FoxM1) and cell adhesion molecules such as Osteopontin (SPP1). CONCLUSION: We hypothesize that these genes have a role in the biology of metastatic disease and that they represent potential therapeutic targets for prostate cancer.
Collection C2: Curated
      CGP: Chemical and Genetic Perturbations
Source publication Pubmed 17430594   Authors: Chandran UR,Ma C,Dhir R,Bisceglia M,Lyons-Weiler M,Liang W,Michalopoulos G,Becich M,Monzon FA
Exact source Table 2S: Upregulated
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Source species Homo sapiens
Contributed by Arthur Liberzon (MSigDB Team)
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identifier namespace		 AFFY_HG_U95
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Version history 3.0: First introduced

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